First Principles

On history, economics, philosophy & the written word

Reading Montaigne in a Distracted Age

The Essays were written by a man who retreated from public life to think carefully about what it means to live well. That project feels, four centuries later, more urgent than ever. A reflection on why Montaigne is the ideal companion for uncertain times.

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01

The Essays — Michel de Montaigne

Translated by M. A. Screech, Penguin Classics

The first great personal essayist and still the best. Montaigne invented a form and filled it with the most honest self-examination in literature. Start anywhere.

02

The Wealth of Nations — Adam Smith

First published 1776

Read selectively. Books I and IV reward careful attention. Most summaries of this book are wrong about what Smith actually argues.

03

The Guns of August — Barbara Tuchman

Macmillan, 1962

The finest narrative history of the First World War's opening weeks. A masterclass in how serious history can also be gripping prose.

04

Meditations — Marcus Aurelius

Translated by Gregory Hays, Modern Library

Private notes that were never meant to be published. The most powerful argument for Stoic philosophy, precisely because it was written for an audience of one.